Listen to Sanskrit in the forest of the ancient Tibetan temple in the deep mountains and repair and reinforcement of Dongling temple in Dongshan mountain Wanning City Hainan Province

Renovation and reinforcement scheme of Dongling temple in Dongshanling, Wanning City, Hainan Province

Project location

Wanning City is located in the southeast of Hainan Province, 112 kilometers from Sanya City in the South and 139 kilometers from Haikou City in the north.

Wanning City is 76 kilometers long from north to south, 38 kilometers wide from east to west, with a land area of 1883.5 square kilometers, a sea area of 2550.1 square kilometers, and a coastline of 109 kilometers.

Dongshanling ecological and cultural tourism area is located 2 kilometers to the east of Wanning City.

Overview of scenic spots

The main peak of Dongshanling ecological and cultural tourism area is 184 meters, not high, but standing on a coastal plain, it is abrupt, straight and powerful. Because of the mountain peaks, the shape of Bijia mountain, also known as Bijia mountain in history, is one of the earlier tourist attractions in Hainan.

There are many strange rocks all over the east mountain. In the beginning of the TV series a dream of Red Mansions, there is a piece of "flying stone", which is the first of the strange rocks in the east mountain. It is the wind moving stone in the scenic spot of "yixiantian".

Dongshanling was once as famous as Wugong temple, Luhuitou, Tianya Haijiao, Dongtian and other scenic spots.

As early as the Jin Dynasty, the literati left their ink and stone carvings here. In the Ming Dynasty, the name of "the first mountain in Hainan" was inscribed on Dongshan mountain by craftsmen.

Eight sceneries of Dongshan

From the early steps of Yunlu road to the top of the 200 stone steps, a valley is winding, with strange stones flowing down, deep caves hidden, and a heaven given river, dripping water, red cliffs, different caves, forests, and strange flowers.

Eight sceneries of Dongshan

Located in the west of the abbot cave, a huge stone is close to Xiaohan. The poem says, "cutting jade is like a knife with iron face. You can't bend down in wind and rain.". The stone is engraved with the word "zhengfluorene", which is said to be the jade fluorene left by the immortal.

Eight sceneries of Dongshan

It is located in the valley on the left of huafengyan. It is composed of grottos, which is called "immortal cave" in ancient times. Green pines and green bamboos embrace each other, and exotic flowers and plants are blooming. A clear spring emerges from the crevice of the stone, which is called "the first spring in Hainan".

Eight sceneries of Dongshan -- Xianzhou mooring

Located under Huafeng immortal couch, there is a huge rock like a boat, which is called "Prajna" in ancient times. Under the boat, there is a magical "36 holes". Every rainy day, the cave reverberates with the sound of pipa. It is said that the Dragon King came here by boat and ran aground, then returned to the sea from the cave.

Eight sceneries of Dongshan

In the south of Chaoyin temple, a huge stone gently protrudes from the cliff, which looks like a Yaotai. There is a sea watching Pavilion on the Yaotai. It is said that after the Dragon King came here by boat and ran aground, he sat on the Yaotai and sighed at the sea. There were traces of dragon king stocks left on the Yaotai.

Eight sceneries of Dongshan

Looking down at the Yaotai Wanghai scenic spot, Dongshan River is like a jade belt, eight bends and nine bends around the Dongshan mountains, and the clear water is long, winding eastward. Two cliff coconut leaf whirling, smoke around, million acres of rice fragrance, this is the water dragon.

Eight sceneries of Dongshan

Located on the east side of Dongling temple, in the valley with verdant ancient trees and wild vines, there is a natural spring, which flows all the year round. The torrential rain does not overflow, and the drought does not dry up. It is said that the spring comes from the Dragon Palace in the South China Sea. In ancient times, there was a poem that said, "a gap of doubt is connected from the blue sea, and the trickle is infinitesimal.".

Eight sceneries of Dongshan

It is located at the top of the first peak of Dongshan mountain. Two huge stones are folded into Confucian scarves. The clouds cover the fog and the clouds are flying. Zhenwu hall, Haifeng Pavilion and stone carving "top of ten thousand mountains" can be seen in the clouds, which is the "flying clouds over the canopy".

Dongling Temple: Buddhist culture in Dongshan mountain

Dongling temple, formerly known as Jizhu temple, is located in the water tripod between the second and third peaks of Dongshan mountain, facing south from north. In the sixth year of Chongzhen (1633) of the Ming Dynasty, the monks rebuilt the temple on the site of Jizhu nunnery and renamed it "pure land nunnery". Zhao chending, the founder of our school, built a temple in Futian, and gongmingjing, the master of our school, built the main hall. In 1794, the pure land nunnery was rebuilt again. In 1928, the pure land nunnery was built by Wanzhou officials, gentry and businessmen.

Buddhist culture in Dongshan Mountain -- Huafeng Temple

Fengxian couch and Huafeng Xianyan are the top eight scenic spots in Wanzhou. It is located on the "Xianzhou cable" scenic spot of Dongshan mountain. It is said that this is the place where the ancient immortals stayed. It is reported that Lei Zhenhai, a monk in the Tang Dynasty, had filled this place with monasteries, known as Huafeng temple. Song Xuanhe four years (AD 1122) began to become a natural cave temple. In the past dynasties, there was a continuous supply of cigarettes.

Chaoyin Temple: Buddhist culture in Dongshan mountain

It is said that in 748 A.D., master Jianzhen's fifth eastward voyage to Japan failed, and he drifted to Hainan. So he led his disciples to Dongshan mountain to preach Buddhist scriptures and preach Buddhism. After three days, his sixth eastward voyage was finally successful.

There are mainly two halls in the East. The inscription on the crossbeam on the roof shows that the temple was built in the 1987's and was rebuilt on the basis of the ancient temple by the overseas Chinese in Hainan. After more than 30 years of wind and rain, the main body of the building has left the vicissitudes of time.

At present, the two halls have been identified as dilapidated buildings by professional appraisal institutions due to disrepair, wall cracking and roof leakage, and need to be repaired and strengthened.

In the process of repair and reinforcement, important building components with historical value need to be properly protected and relocated. This kind of components are: two stone dragon pillars in the main hall, four original wooden pillars in the main hall, and beams engraved on the roof of the main hall to reconstruct the history of the temple.

In addition to the problems in the main structure and appearance of the original palace building, the moisture-proof and ventilation of the building are not optimistic, and the optimization should be considered in the process of repair and reinforcement.

There are mainly two halls in the East. The inscription on the crossbeam on the roof shows that the temple was built in the 1987's and was rebuilt on the basis of the ancient temple by the overseas Chinese in Hainan. After more than 30 years of wind and rain, the main body of the building has left the vicissitudes of time.

At present, the two halls have been identified as dilapidated buildings by professional appraisal institutions due to disrepair, wall cracking and roof leakage, and need to be repaired and strengthened.

In the process of repair and reinforcement, important building components with historical value need to be properly protected and relocated. This kind of components are: two stone dragon pillars in the main hall, four original wooden pillars in the main hall, and beams engraved on the roof of the main hall to reconstruct the history of the temple.

In addition to the problems in the main structure and appearance of the original palace building, the moisture-proof and ventilation of the building are not optimistic, and the optimization should be considered in the process of repair and reinforcement.

Buddhist mountain temple culture

Buddhism has been introduced into China for more than 2000 years. From the perspective of space, it can be roughly divided into three echelons

During the Han and Tang Dynasties, the northwest Buddhism centered on Dunhuang and Chang'an;

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Central Plains Buddhism centered on Luoyang and Bianjing (Kaifeng);

After the Song Dynasty, the southeast Buddhism centered on Jinling (Nanjing) and Hangzhou was formed.

After the early Tang Dynasty, the rise of Zen Buddhism, originally concentrated in the city of Buddhism, gradually developed to the mountains. Zen monks exposed frost, cut thorns, and built Buddhist temples in places where people rarely visit.

Wanning is mountainous, which meets the environmental requirements of Zen "Qingxiu". Therefore, the monks came here to seek refuge from the world. To this day, almost all of Wanning's several thousand year old temples stand in the mountains. The temples in the city are the descendants of the younger generation.

Design concept

General layout

The renovation and reinforcement plan of Dongling Temple mainly includes the following parts:

Guanyin hall repair and reinforcement of 144.6 square meters

Repair and reinforcement of Tianwang Hall: 69.41 square meters

New temple wind and rain corridor 212.7 square meters

A new temporary wooden house with an area of 330 square meters will be built

Strengthen the protection of four ancient banyan trees

Strengthen the protection of two characteristic cultural trees: Phoenix Tree and rain tree

A 250 meter long wooden plank road and a viewing platform will be built

A new pavilion

New artificial waterfall

Optimize and repair the release pool

New stone arch bridge

Landscape construction of Sanxue square

New cultural wall

A new ancestral pagoda

Improvement of Haiyan Liudan landscape

Newly built mountain slope retaining wall is 100 meters long

General layout

Aerial view

Main design concepts

Planning structure

Dongling temple is a planning structure with two axes, two belts and four cores.

The main axis is the north-south axis established by the two core halls and the east-west axis established by the sengliao courtyard, the Buddhist courtyard and the landscape garden.

There are two landscape belts in the temple, one is the main sightseeing belt from the west entrance along Sanxue square to Haiyan Liudan scenic spot, and the other is the leisure landscape belt with the betel nut forest trestle road as the main body.

The cultural core of the temple is Guanyin hall, Tianwang hall and the core area of Buddha worship.

There are three theme landscape cores in the temple, which are Haiyan Liudan theme garden landscape core, Gurong Wolong theme courtyard landscape core and Sanxue square theme square landscape core.

Dongling temple area is divided into five functional areas.

The southern area is betel nut forest, which is a natural Zen landscape area.

The central part is the square area in front of the temple, which is mainly composed of three learning square, presenting the three learning cultures of "Jie", "Ding" and "Hui" in Buddhist culture. It is the transition area between the natural landscape area and the temple core area.

The north is the core area of the temple. From the west to the East, it is divided into three areas: the monastery courtyard, the core hall and the Zen garden. They are learning and living, spreading Dharma in the Taoist school, and garden recreation.

Traffic flow analysis

The flow line of worshiping Buddha goes up the steps from Sanxue square to Tianwang hall, and then goes through Tianwang hall to Guanyin Hall Square and the corridor core area.

The flow line of monks is the senliao courtyard on the west side of the hall area, which is an L-shaped traffic flow line organization.

The tourist flow line is mainly composed of the main road of the scenic spot and the landscape wooden plank road. The central axis connects with the main road of the scenic spot at the foot of the mountain through the landscape steps.

Landscape analysis

The temple landscape through the clever combination of nature and artificial, forming three landscape themes: Zen Stone, Zen wood and Zen water.

Stone, wood and water combine Buddhist cultural elements and Zen landscape artistic conception into it, forming unique landscape features of Dongling temple.

Landscape analysis

Zen Stone Landscape

1. Yuanfa stone: at the west entrance of the temple, beside the path, there is a huge rock several meters high, engraved with Yuanfa stone. In Buddhism, "it means that all dharmas are born by reason, and there is no independent and unchanging self nature."

2. Auspicious elephant stone: there is a natural giant stone in the release pool, such as an elephant's back in the water. It is called auspicious elephant stone, implying that Dongling temple is an auspicious place.

3. Wolong stone: Wolong stone is a huge rock under the ancient banyan trees on the west side of the temple. It creeps on the ground and is called Wolong stone.

4. Haiyan stone: there is a poem in ancient times: "the stone opens the Haiyan to lead the spring to pass, the jade splashes to flow, and the Dan is not poor. Listen carefully to the sound of the forest, and the light contains the clouds and the shadow reflects the clear sky. " It refers to the Haiyan stone on the northeast side of Guanyin hall.

Landscape analysis

Zen Stone Landscape

1. Yuanfa stone: at the west entrance of the temple, beside the path, there is a huge rock several meters high, engraved with Yuanfa stone. In Buddhism, "it means that all dharmas are born by reason, and there is no independent and unchanging self nature."

2. Auspicious elephant stone: there is a natural giant stone in the release pool, such as an elephant's back in the water. It is called auspicious elephant stone, implying that Dongling temple is an auspicious place.

3. Wolong stone: Wolong stone is a huge rock under the ancient banyan trees on the west side of the temple. It creeps on the ground and is called Wolong stone.

4. Haiyan stone: there is a poem in ancient times: "the stone opens the Haiyan to lead the spring to pass, the jade splashes to flow, and the Dan is not poor. Listen carefully to the sound of the forest, and the light contains the clouds and the shadow reflects the clear sky. " It refers to the Haiyan stone on the northeast side of Guanyin hall.

Zen water landscape

1. Release pool: the current release pool is improved by landscape design, combined with waterfall, forming the artistic conception of high mountains and flowing water with a long history, which makes a static pool add vitality and vitality because of the dynamic mountain spring.

2. Dongshan waterfall: the first Shandong mountain in Hainan Province, with outstanding stone culture and scarce water culture, based on Haiyan Liudan, the only spring landscape in Dongshan mountain, the characteristic landscape of Dongshan waterfall is created to form the characteristic scene of Longteng waterfall.

Renderings of main scenic spots

Sea eye flow

Dongshan waterfall

Release pool

The way of wisdom

Sanxue square

Free Pavilion

First floor site plan

Effect picture of Guanyin Hall

Effect picture of Guanyin Hall

Effect picture of Guanyin Hall

Effect picture of Guanyin Hall

Elevation of Guanyin Hall

Effect picture of Tianwang Hall

Elevation of Tianwang Hall

Effect picture of senliao wooden house

Effect picture of senliao wooden house

Rendering of mountain slope retaining wall

Plan of retaining wall for mountain slope protection

Investment estimation